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Introduction There is a longstanding debate in the mainstream political arena over which political structures – executive or legislative – best accomplishes the reasonable policy outcomes as envisaged by traditional as well as contemporary democratic theorists. Interestingly, there exist differences of opinion and practice within similar political systems, implying that...
Introduction The existence of the Criminal Justice System is vital to the survival of the modern human civilization. It is through this system that the government provides legally sanctioned ways to deal with lawbreakers. The various punishments available for use by the justice system serve a deterrence function as well...
Introduction Immigration reform is a political discussion on how to change and improve the current condition of the immigration system. People relocate to the United States because of the promises of economic prosperity, freedom, and high quality of living. However, the current immigration system is ineffective and does not fulfill...
Introduction The US employs different foreign policies when dealing with rogue states. Two former administrations maintained the US foreign policy of Comprehensive Containment; Bush I and Clinton governments. It describes the economic, military, and diplomatic strategies used to combat terror and ‘contain’ weapons of mass destruction (WMD) (Kang, 2003). On...
Introduction The Syrian crisis is in its fourth year, despite several efforts by the international community for reconciliation. Over the four years of the crisis, Russia and Iran have continued to openly support the position of the Syrian government that is led by Assad. For instance, Russia showed its influence...
Introduction The United States of America prides itself in being the leader of the free world. This great nation advocates for the adoption of democratic values by all nations in the world. Within its borders, democracy is highly valued and the political rights of the citizens are fiercely protected by...
Deputy Department in the Governmental Entity Pros and cons of centralised vs decentralised HR responsibilities One of the dilemmas that organisations encounter arises when deciding on whether to embrace a centralised or decentralised system of human resource management. The two systems have both advantages and disadvantages. One of the benefits...
Introduction Gun ownership is a controversial topic that draws a lot of debate around the globe because it touches a very sensitive issue of security. People wish to go about their routine activities without worrying about threats to their lives or property that they have acquired through hard work. A...
The US government has been successful in its use of the federal government in public administration. The system enables devolution of resources to the people in an efficient manner. This paper evaluates the concept of federalism. It traces its origin and examines its utilitarian value to the people of the...
The World Trade Organization is an international organization with global operations and is charged with the responsibility of handling rules of trade among member countries. The core elements of the World Trade Organization include negotiating agreements that have already been signed by a majority of the trading nations in the...
Introduction Africa has been a great interest in China. During the colonial period when major world countries were struggling to have a piece of the African territory, China was at the forefront in advocating for the liberation of African countries. This was the fact that made China greatly stand out....
History: Landmark Cases The state must decide to retain or abolish capital punishment based on popular appeal and legal precedence. In this regard, it is important to point out that the trend in execution has varied over the past few decades (Kirchmeier 45). Nevertheless, there is significant public support for...
Introduction At one point in Britain, anyone wishing to influence or build public policy had to be a member of a political party. Political parties were considered as the sole avenues that people could use to air their views on democratic issues. In the 1950s, political parties offered voters consequential...
Future Challenges Within the Intelligence Community Although the Intelligence Community may not have fully eliminated security threats, a lot of work has already been done regarding the identification process. It is crucial to mention that the community is large and unless the collected intelligence information is harmonized and analyzed at...
The realization of effective international relations is central toward fostering global peace and security. Historically, poor intercontinental affairs led to the development of devastating conflicts as depicted by cases of World War I and World War II. As such, the establishment of the United Nations (UN) in 1945, just after...
Introduction Over the past decades, the problem of drug abuse has continued to present challenges to our government, our families, and the whole society in general. As an important component that drives and directs our society, the government has been developing several measures aimed at mitigating the challenge of drug...
After assessing Marx’s theories and ideas, I came to appreciate the value and contribution of his work in fostering knowledge in society. As I educated myself about Marx’s works, I began to appreciate how multidimensional they are as they cover social, economic, and cultural aspects of social relations. My interest...
Introduction Public international law is comprised of rules and regulations that govern the relations between different countries, between countries and international organizations, and between countries and certain individuals (Botha, Ehrenbeck & Finney 2011). Public international law can be divided into five main categories: humanitarian law, international human rights law, international...
Public policy is a collection of deliberations that shapes the manner in which a country is managed (Kraft and Furlong 1). The study of public policy majorly aims to bring into perspective the importance of governments as well as how the efficiency of these governments can be enhanced. Today, the...
Introduction The use of national identity cards dates back to the First World War when they were used as statutory registration schemes. In fact, the British colonial government used the identity card system to identify and control people in their colonies (Arora, 2008). Since then, national identity cards have been...
Introduction While there exist many drugs that have been earmarked as illicit, Cannabis Sativa (commonly known as Marijuana) takes the position of the most popular illegal drugs in many parts of the world. The World Health Organization (2010) records that “2.5% of the world’s population consume marijuana” making it by...
Scope of the Project The East West Link infrastructure project was initiated by the Victorian State government in the year 2012 to construct a road that was to link the Western Ring Road and Eastern Freeway through Melbourne. The official commencement of the program was expected to start by the...
Was the response by Chinese government to Ningbo protest justified? With the growing market of petroleum products, the Chinese government had intentions to expand the petroleum refinery plant in Ningbo. The environmentalists in this part of the country could not take this in the name of pollution and environmental degradation....
The political system of the United States is complex and consists of several levels. One of the main structures in the system is the United States Congress, which was established in 1789 as a bicameral structure that consists of two separate houses: the House of Representatives and the Senate. Despite...
Introduction Human rights refer to basic privileges or freedoms that human beings are entitled to regardless of their sex, origin, economic status, social standing, race, or gender (Moriarty & Massa, 2012). These rights are based on the principle of respect for human beings and they are universal, inalienable, and inherent...
Introduction Since the late 20th century, globalization has been the principal topic both in pubic and academic spectrums. For decades, different quarters attribute their socio-economic and political challenges to globalization. For example, economists associate the unpredictable booms and depressions to the unrestrained globalization, the risk of losing minority cultures have...
Introduction India and China are complex political systems which are both fragmented and characterized by serious flaws. In India, inefficiencies are due to the polarized nature of political parties and the deep divisions in Indian society while China’s inefficiencies result from the lack of autonomous lower level government organs. These...
Introduction The United States of America has a presidential system of government whereas Britain has parliamentary system of government. The presidential system as opposed to the parliamentary system is characterized by strict principle of separation of powers between the executive and the legislature. Consequently, party systems are more powerful and...
Introduction The relationship between Iran and the Western world has been confrontations since 1979 when the country experienced a revolution that led to the establishment of the Islamic Republic of Iran. This turbulent relationship worsened in 2002 when it was discovered that Iran was engaged in clandestine nuclear activities. The...
Introduction National interests are a concept, vital to the sphere of foreign policy. China’s core national interests include the defense of its sovereignty, national security, and the integrity of its territory, the reunification of the nation, the maintenance of the current political system, social stability, and social and economic development....
This paper focuses on the main effects of the rise of China on the US/China relations. First, the rise of China promotes economic development in the US. In the last two decades, most US companies have joined the Chinese market. As a result, they have increased their profits and share...
From a certain perspective, it is not hard to view capital punishment as a state-sponsored program geared towards the destruction of people’s lives. It is difficult to justify the right to kill another human being. Thus, it is imperative to define and defend the right to destroy lives. Supporters of...
Introduction Africa has been a great interest in the eyes of China. During the colonial period when major world countries were all struggling to have a piece of Africa, China was at the forefront in advocating for the liberation of African countries from colonialism. This is a fact that made...
Introduction We examine the US foreign policies on China based on a number of emerging issues, which have shifted the relationship from direct to indirect in terms of containing China. This research explores matters related to China’s border disputes, currency, trade, security, diplomacy, energy, governance, and other emerging issues from...
The History of Global Trading The global trade commenced long ago with the initial trade activities involving the exchange of goods with goods, commonly known as the barter trade. The barter trade was universal in the period up to the 15th century. However, it was soon replaced by the Mercantilism...
Introduction One of the main drivers of national economies around the world is good and reliable international trade partnerships. According to economic experts, international trade is very important to a country’s economy with regard to expanding the market for its local products, as well as creating a good business environment...
Introduction Customary international law is defined by Talmon as an aspect of the international law that is based on principles of customs.1 It is one of the primary sources of law used at the International Criminal Court and many other member states of the United Nations. It is often used...
Introduction Infrastructural development is crucial for the collective development of a society and the functioning of an economy. It encompasses various interconnected physical, structural elements, which ensure sustainable frameworks for development. Such elements include roads, telecommunication, water supply networks, sewer lines, and electrical gridlines, among others. In the modernization era,...
For a very long time, the death penalty has been a part of human civilization. From one perspective, it might seem like a reasonable thing to do, in response to some of the crimes that are committed by individuals. The most important question raised is, do people have the right...
Introduction Emiratization is an affirmative action policy of the United Arab Emirates Government that gives preferential hiring status to Emiratis over expatriates in order to preserve national identity, economic sustainability, and political stability. The initiative has been exercised for more than ten years. However, the unemployment challenge for nationals continues...
Introduction Social scientists offer various theories for understanding political power in the United States. However, the pluralist and elite theories are the most popular (Dahl, Shapiro, and Cheibub 381). There are obvious advantages and disadvantages of each theory, but the pluralist theory is the most preferred. Whereas the affairs of...
The initial definition of international law had a limited list of subjects. Under the old definition, only the sovereign states were liable to be subject to international law policies. The internal political and geographical units, such as the states within the countries such as the United States, Canada, or Australia,...
Introduction The conflict between Iran and Saudi Arabia has been the main cause of instability in the Persian Gulf (Al-Labbad par. 1). This conflict has elicited debates internationally, especially among countries in the West. Each of the two countries has individual internal conflicts that present challenges to its style governance...
Dubai is a monarchy state and a part of the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Warring neighbors characterized by conflicts, extremism and widespread hostilities surround it. Some of these countries include Iran, Iraq and Pakistan. The emirate is located in the desert with extreme temperatures. These conditions reflect hardship for Dubai,...
Introduction The bilateral relations between the People’s Republic of China and North Korea have existed for several decades. North Korea considers China as one of its allies in terms of trade partnerships, as well as providing a reliable source of energy and food (Kim 2011). Over the years, China has...
Abstract In today’s society, its widely accepted that diversity is important in ensuring effective functioning in the workplace. Various companies stress on diversity when hiring and promoting employees. The case also applies in times of ordering of goods and services. However, the case was much different a couple of decades...
Introduction Liberal international relations theory emphasises on the role of the different social interest and values of states, and their significance in global politics (Baylis & Smith, 2008, P. 13). Liberals claim that the general state of global politics is liberalisation. In other words, states have all along been entrenched...
Prior to the 2003 invasion of Iraq, the country was already facing a difficult time coupled with totalitarian rule, weak democracy, and constant in-fights between Shia and Sunni extremist groups. The two separatist wings fought for a long time over the Kurds. When the Old Ottoman Empire broke up, it...
Introduction An international society can be explained to mean a group of autonomous states that have not only formed a system that ensures that the behavior of each state is considered by others, but have also established a common dialogical agreement that ensures that the conduct of the members is...
International Political Economy (IPE) has emerged as a significant academic discipline of Political Sciences that analyzes the relationship between economics and international relations. The discipline of International Political Economy focuses on critically analyzing how politics and economic policies affect international relations. Historical events provide evidence for determining the relationship between...
The debate on federalism in the USA has been ongoing for more than a century. Some criticize this type of political system as it restricts people’s (as well as states’) rights considerably. Opponents of the American federalism have argued that the country needs to be a confederation that will ensure...
Introduction The UN General Assembly, abbreviated as UNGA, is the only representative global body among the five organs of the United Nations. The other four major organs are the Secretariat, the Security Council, the Economic and Social Council, and the International Criminal Court (ICC) (Peterson 77). According to the United...
Introduction The United States of America is the world’s biggest importer of crude oil, which is mainly used for transportation in cars, airplanes, and ships. This position, however, has subjected the US to numerous challenges, especially in the Middle East region. The US military has constantly been involved in the...
Examination of Direct Democracy – Government of California The United States of America as a whole subscribes to a representative democracy where citizens elected their representatives. Like any other state, California subscribes to a similar democracy. They cast ballots to choose their governor, senators, and representatives (Gerber & Philips, 2005)....
Introduction Oil, natural gas, and hard rock minerals are the major natural resources that ought to generate enormous amounts of cash to governments. Gold, diamond, and gemstones are examples of highly valued minerals that generate millions of dollars to the governments that possess the minerals (Ross 17). However, research indicates...
The Virginia Plan, which was referred to as Randolph Plan, was a proposal that the Virginia delegates suggested where the legislature was to be bicameral. Madison originally drafted the proposal with the aim of setting the agenda for a heated debated in the conference, as he proposed a population-weighted representation...
Both Virginia and the New Jersey Plans aimed at improving the administrative organs, both at the national and state level, even though several differences existed between the two proposals. The Virginia Plan advocated for a stronger national government, meaning that the federal government had to have more powers as opposed...
Immigration policies in the United States All people living in the United States are immigrants except for the natives. In the early years, the US operated an open immigration policy until 1790 when the country came up with the Naturalization Act that allowed immigrants of European and Caucasian decent only....
Introduction Division of labor is an economic theory that has been in use for many centuries. As a result, there have been several definitions of the term depending on the use of the theory. However, a more acceptable version that has been relied on by many is that of Peter...
Introduction Every government is judged with the responsibility of addressing the issues that affect its people. This attempt by a government to address public issues affecting its people is what is called public policy. Respective governments, whether federal, state or city, usually come up with public policies either as laws,...
Even though Marijuana isa a standard drug administered by physicians, its usage remains illegal in the U.S. The question of whether marijuana should be legalized or stay banned remains a subject of intense debate up to date. Marijuana, which is a substance gotten from the leaves of Cannabis sativa, is...
Introduction Iran’s nuclear program has risen economic, political, and security concerns that have sprouted international debates about its enrichment of uranium and expansion of its massive water reactor project1. The country’s intentions to invest in nuclear projects have left the world in a dilemma concerning Iran’s hidden agenda on the...
Introduction The origin of Mexican drug cartels dates back to the tenure of Miguel Angel Felix Gallardo as a federal agent working for the government. Gallardo formed the Guadalajara Cartel, which was the first drug cartel in Mexico (Langton 34). Guadalajara was formed in the early years of the 1980s...
Introduction The United States is one of the countries that have attracted the highest number of immigrants from all over the world. Immigration into the United States dates back to pre-independence period when the Whites moved into the country during the industrial revolution. The Blacks came to the country as...
Introduction Gun control is a highly speculated and debated issue that raises international security concern in terms of the design and effectiveness of gun control policies. All people in any part of the world wish to live without fear of a bullet gunning them down accidentally or intentionally through criminal...
Immigration in the US is an issue that has threatened to destroy the very survival of society. Various groups feel that their rights and freedoms are violated through application of immigration laws. In Arizona for example, school going children were left on their own after their guardians were evicted from...
Introduction The issue of gun ownership has attracted a lot of controversy in the recent past, perhaps, due to the conflict between constitutional provisions in the Second Amendment and public policy. The conflict between the two has been because the government may come up with a policy that does not...
Introduction Globalization is a term that signifies the extent to which the larger public stands out internationally as a means of defining contemporary societies. However, when people are asked to be specific in explaining how they identify with globalization, the replies are mostly inconsistent and vague. Also, most of the...
What is the resource curse? The resource curse refers to the mal-effects that arise out of a country’s possession or ownership of natural resources, namely gold, oil, minerals like copper and colt an, and even timber. Whereas superficially it may seem like an added advantage for a nation to possess...
The term ‘Middle East’ was coined by the British colonialists about the Arab nations east of Eastern Europe and west of India (Bilgin, 2004). Around the 1850s, the British India Office (BIO), which was controlling the politics and economy of the nations around the Persian Gulf and India, used the...
Introduction Immigration refers to the movement of people into places that they are not natives (Anderson 24). Immigration takes place because of political, social and economic problems, natural disasters and unfavorable weather or climate. In 2006, the International organization for immigration estimated that there were more than 200 million immigrants...
The Marxist analysis describes the circulation of a product or commodity as the starting point of capital. Marx cited money as the most important goal in achieving product circulation. In contrasting between C-M-C and M-C-M, Marx noted that the two types of circulation are the starting point of capital. The...
Introduction The issue of illegal immigrants has been one of the most outstanding issues in the United States. The approximated number of illegal immigrants who enter the United States annually stands between 1 million and 2 million (Greenstone, 2010). Today, the number of illegal immigrants in the U.S stands at...
Introduction The world has turned into a global community where every nation relies upon the others for its political and economic prosperity. Various international organizations have emerged to foster international cooperation in various sectors. One sector that has received significant global attention is traded among different nations. The significance of...
Introduction Over the last three years, the country of Syria has been embroiled in civil unrest within its borders. Conflict in Syria has since degenerated into armed combat that has President Bashar al-Assad’s government on one side, and rebel forces on the other. Since the conflict began in Syria, it...
The environments and culture of a country are the major aspects that influence business and people’s readiness to get involved in one. The fluctuating market often demands changes in the location, so that it stays successful. For a business to go international, means an increase in profits and distribution of...
Introduction The history and the last events on the world arena showed that the sphere of international relations in the Middle East represents one of the most discussed and politically sharpened issues in world politics. The role of the United States is, obviously, substantial in the region. The activity of...
Over the past two years, Syria has witnessed a greater opposition towards Assad’s administration. Faced with the vicious response by the regime’s army, the originally peaceful demonstrations gradually turned into an armed mutiny. Nonetheless, the government has stepped up its brutal and intransigent policy against the rebels (Dunne 2). According...
Proposal This paper seeks to analyze the arguments for and against the enactment and enforcement of strict gun control laws in the United States. It will consider all the theories and arguments for and against these laws, especially about the possibility or inability of such laws to reduce the rate...
Introduction Reports from various sources indicate that majority still assume that gun control should either be supported or opposed in the United States. This is not true. In fact, there are several alternatives. Whichever choice of alternative we go for, it will still oversimplify the options. Two different scales can...
Introduction Iran is on the global scene for its persistent and resilient efforts to develop nuclear weapons. Despite resistance from certain countries, Iran has gone ahead to test and launch some of its nuclear missiles. The leadership of Iran argues that as a state, it should have its military independence....
Abstract Capitalist ideals are currently being practiced around the globe, particularly after the demise of socialism. The current political establishments are supporting the capitalist ideals via numerous ways ranging from economic policies to social and political programs undertaken by various agents of the state. However, capitalist ideals have been questioned,...
Introduction In his brief preamble to the Second Treatise, John Locke wishes that his well-articulated text can help to justify the governance of King William. He criticizes Sir Robert Filmer’s texts for their moral and intellectual inadequacies. Locke outlines his theory of the state and the social contract incomprehensible writing...
Immigration is an issue that continues to draw a lot of controversy in the United States. The number of immigrants, both legal and illegal, has increased steadily (Griswold par.1). This increase has raised debates on the need for more immigrants. While some people are opposed to encouraging more immigrants into...
The training of law enforcement officers involves a variety of skills, which include the use of force in particular situations to restore law and order. Various legal and ethical standards within the criminal justice system define the scope of justifiable use of force in maintaining law and order. The use...
Introduction Human trafficking dates back to the days of the slave trade when Africans used to be held captive by slave traders and transported to America and European countries (Aronowitz 33). Other claims hold that it began during the 1700s when children were widely subjected to forced labor in many...