Traditional and community-oriented models have particular advantages and disadvantages. The first model includes call-to-call reaction patterns of the officers during the patrol. The professionalism of the officers is estimated based on the achievements they gain during a particular period: the number of arrests and responses to calls (Archbold et al., 2022). The advantage of the model is that the crime is controlled primarily by police officers. The traditional leadership model is applied within this approach because the officers gain power from the authorities by adhering to specific roles and responsibilities.
The political era is another factor correlated with the development of the traditional policing model. The policing of this Political era is corrupt and brutal. There was no connection with the public: officers were served to the higher authorities, not to the people. Reforms are essential elements of this model because the power of the police officers is granted by the governmental reforms passed for political aims (Archbold et al., 2022). Quick responses to the problems and constant patrolling are positive factors contributing to minimizing crime rates. One of the significant disadvantages of the traditional model is that it enhances no cooperation between officers and residents. Implementing one-way communication can also cause significant problems with society’s attitude toward the officers.
On the contrary, the community-oriented approach proposed the policing philosophy of using problem-solving techniques (Archbold et al., 2022). The community-oriented model requires the implementation of the different managemental styles at the patrol level. Different problem-solving approaches such as SARA are used within this strategy. Professionalism is increased due to the more rational analysis of the officers’ work and the appliance of the transformational leadership approach (Archbold et al., 2022). Community policing adaptation contributed to increased police-resident interactions, which helped establish a more intense contact with the public. The professionalism of the model is evaluated based on the individual characteristics of the different agencies’ patrol functions such as establishing the trustful relationships with people. Such an approach is entirely different from the traditional policing model, where the primary patrol function is to complete the orders by any means. One of the positive aspects of this model is the increased police-resident interactions. Moreover, based on the practical research, the implementation of this model causes a lowered level of fear (Archbold et al., 2022). The community-oriented approach has one significant disadvantage. Such a philosophical approach allows some of the police agencies to overlook some of the responsibilities. For example, minor crimes problems related to social disorders are often overlooked.
The neighborhood crime problem can be solved by using the SARA analysis model. The example of such a crime can be formulated as follows: the children repeatedly play in the abandoned cars, which is potentially dangerous for their lives. The first step of applying the SARA model is “identifying repeated problems by the police and the public” (Archbold et al., 2022, p. 36). The reports of the residents and the patrol notes should be analyzed as per the model. The next step is the analysis examining the underlying conditions of the problem (Archbold et al., 2022). The abandoned cars which are potentially dangerous should be removed from the place. The core reason is the car owners’ carelessness regarding their property, which is harmful to others.
The response to the problem should be formulated for all the nearby police agencies. The cooperation of police agencies should be implemented in order to prevent the future abandonment of the property, which can be potentially dangerous for others. One of the most effective responses is to install surveillance cameras in the place where cars are found. Another response can be identified as cooperating with other agents, potentially changing the situation. For example, discussing the issue with schools can help to increase the children’s awareness of the problem. The last step is the assessment of the response’s effectiveness. The control over the potentially dangerous place is definitely will impact the identified problem positively.
Reference
Archbold, C., Huynh. C., & Mrozla, T. (2022). “Traditional and contemporary policing strategies.” In Policing: The essentials (pp. 21-39). SAGE Publications.