In recent years, the number of women in prison has increased exponentially. This phenomenon has become one of the major issues for discussion for law enforcement agencies, the government, and activists, as it poses a serious threat to society. The causes of this growth can be different, including political, economic, social, and even cultural ones.
One of the main causes of the increase in the number of female population in prison was the change in drug law and policy. In the 1980s and 1990s, the US government promoted its anti-drug policies, leading to an increase in arrests and imprisonment, especially among women (Hector, 2020). Many of them had been charged with minor drug offences and received long sentences because of the strict minimum sentence requirements.
In addition, socio-economic factors also contribute to an increase in the number of women in prison. Poverty, the lack of education, and limited work opportunities lead to participation in criminal activities as a means of survival for females. Women with children and those ones in difficult living situations may be particularly vulnerable to involvement in the criminal world (Hector, 2020). Economic inequalities and problems with employment and housing can make future female criminals be threatened with poverty and isolation, so they will seek support and resources in criminal activities.
In order to address the problem, more effective policies should be adopted towards treating female criminals. Alternative sentencing and justice approaches are needed to reduce the number of women in prison. For instance, rehabilitation and social support can be offered instead of long-term sentences for minor drug offences. Programs that focus on rehabilitation and social adaptation will help reduce relapse and improve the quality of life of former prisoners. There is also a need to improve access to legal aid for women facing possible unfair charges (Hector, 2020). It is also necessary to improve legal support for women in need and provide access to training, employment, and housing for women who had lost them to crime.
In general, the government and activists should use their resources and skills to prevent the exponential increase in the number of females in prison. Alternative approaches that would help criminals change their lives are necessary to reduce the number of women in prison. Additionally, drug and alcohol organizations should also provide support programs for women who are struggling with these problems.
Reference
Hector, J. (Ed.). (2020). Women and prison. Springer International Publishing.