Introduction Investigations into the relationship between theory and practice have gone on for a long time. This relationship influences professional training programs and how the knowledge presented in this training program is applicable in testing this relationship. In the recent past, there have been many views, which have strived to...
The topic of the necessity of capital punishment is one of the primary sources of political and social debates in the past few decades. People who continue to insist on the need of the death penalty consider it to be a justified measure against a criminal under the Constitution, as...
Experts in many different fields, ranging from foreign relations to social sciences, vigorously discussed the doctrine of Barack Obama. Some of them supported the former president’s views and actions and argued that they would lead to many benefits. At the same time, others were concerned about the adverse consequences of...
The election of Kamala Harris as Vice President of the United States is a widely discussed political event. For many people, such a candidate’s choice is perceived as a purely populist measure, while others consider her a significant leader for the Democratic Party. The article “Harris Has the Potential to...
Dahlia Damas The selected public administrator is Dahlia Damas, whom I personally know because she is a close friend of my aunt. She is in charge of administering the property of deceased people of the County of New York, who died with no will and have no one else to...
Courage is one of the qualities that are immediately associated with serving in the military and, therefore, are seen as the definitive characteristic of the troops. Personal courage is specifically singled out as the quality that every soldier is expected to posses and display whenever the need to face a...
Representing a complex hierarchy with a specific mission and a number of objectives, the army needs to be guided by a clear and effective set of principles and a straightforward philosophy that prioritizes security and safety of civilians. Therefore, duty as a part of the army code represents a crucial...
For decades before 2017, the United States had occupied the position of the world’s leading superpower and a global peacekeeper. To that end, it would frequently intervene in foreign conflicts in which it had an interest. Marked by conflicts such as the Vietnam War, the invasion of Iraq, and the...
Introduction The future of the human civilization relies on the establishment of laws and codes of conduct that are to be followed by all members of the society. While some people will follow the established norms without any external incentives to do so, not everyone can be trusted upon to...
Capital punishment includes various sentences including death as a penalty for serious violations of criminal laws (Lowe, 2004). Capital punishments for various reasons are not something new, but rather it is a practice that has been exercised throughout history. Currently, the United States uses various forms of death penalties as...
In 1787, at the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia, the views on the issue of national supremacy were divided, and these disputes still reemerge during important political discussions. Some of the delegates were concerned that giving more powers to a new centralized government would threaten democracy (The great debate, n.d.). However,...
Introduction The 21st century has been characterised by rapid globalisation, which has strengthened the connections between countries. In such an environment, international trade has acquired particular importance due to a vast pool of emerging opportunities. The market scales have been on the increase, allowing sellers to encompass larger customer bases....
Reconciling security issues with respect for fundamental human rights has become one of the key challenges facing governments around the world. They are highly debated since each government considers them from a specific standpoint. Human rights are firmly established both in practice and in the theory of worldwide international relations...
Many fail to acknowledge that voting is a privilege given to people just a few centuries ago, and even later to women. Balloting is the country-shaping process, which creates the government for the next several years. Therefore, isn’t voting a way of voicing an opinion to receive a diligent life?...
Since Trump became a subject of the grand jury’s investigation, employees from his companies were interviewed. I think the grand jury will help to push ahead Trump’s case with an indictment. The now ex-president power is unlimited; thus, he considers himself privileged before the law. If he were simply charged,...
In her thoroughly detailed and comprehensive article, Osborn investigates the impact of political parties, their ideologies, and control over the legislative process on women legislators’ policy-making (146). In general, regardless of the considerable representation of women in foreign countries’ legislatures and “the steadier upward trajectory of women’s representation in the...
Personal, Professional, And Educational Background of the Representative Before They Entered Congress Congressman Andrew Harris was born in Brooklyn, New York, in a family of immigrants. Thus, Harris is part of a small group of Congress members who come from similar families (“Membership of the 116th Congress”). Harris received his...
Many powerful countries across the world tend to accept refugees fleeing from other states for multiple reasons. The refugee programs are intended to offer protection and even save the lives of vulnerable people in the conflict region. The United States is among those countries admitting millions of refugees every year....
Cahuc, P., Stéphane C., & Zylberberg. A. (2014). Labour Economics (2nd ed.). The MIT Press. Labor economics is a significant area in understanding the U.S. labor market. According to Cahuc et al. (2019), the issues around fair wage, job satisfaction, labor productivity, and job security are factors, which influence the...
In an August 2016 NFL preseason, San Francisco 49ers quarterback Colin Kaepernick refused to stand during the US Anthem. Later in an interview, Kaepernick explained that in this way, he protested against a series of cases of unmotivated shooting at unarmed detained black people (Colin Kaepernick timeline, 2018). The quarterback...
American Elections always tie worldwide attention due to their unusual approach to voting. The crucial element making them engaging is the Electoral College – the system where each state selects voters who represent citizens’ choice. That unique approach was established in 1787 as the nation’s founders’ intention to form powerful...
When talking about the US Army’s values, the first thing that comes to mind is the acronym LDRSHIP. This acronym’s seven letters stand for the seven core army values: loyalty, duty, respect, selfless service, honor, integrity, and personal courage. In this essay, I will describe how I adopted the listed...
Introduction to Telvent and Smart City Software Telvent is an information technology company that specialises in the distribution of real time information to various sectors of the economy. The sectors in this case include, among others, traffic management, agriculture, energy, and environment (Telvent 2012). The company is a subsidiary of...
The development of technologies and various scientific discoveries provide many opportunities for medical workers who should improve the health of people around the globe. Nevertheless, there are significant disparities in health conditions between and within nations. When an individual looks at the data about infant mortality rates or other indicators,...
Introduction Trade and economic trends in the 21st century world has become so interdependent that no nation or region can survive on its own, at least economically. This evident from the 2008 financial crisis in the US that nearly led to the collapse of the world economy and the ongoing...
In any institution, different people get assigned work to carry out within the organization. Always someone monitors those doing the work as well as someone controlling the operations. Universally acknowledged rules of administration are followed in order to realize an organization’s goals (Krimmel and Lindenmuth, par.3). One of the principal...
Introduction The Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD) is a security department focused on maintaining law and order in the entire Los Angeles. Therefore, they have many challenges to streamline within this department. The key objective is to enforce the law and ensure that this is done with a sense of...
Use of Force and De-escalation The use of physical violence is a rather controversial aspect of policing that has a variety of nuances and, thus, requires an in-depth understanding of possible power abuse by authorities. According to Dunham et al. (2020), national and state efforts to collect reliable data on...
Analysis and comments on the law enforcement and American Mafia Various law reports reveal that the arrival of more than twenty-five million migrants was confirmed in the United States from fiscal 1885 to 1926. Immigrants from Italy alone were approximated to be nearly four million while most of them stemmed...
Introduction Unfortunately, the unethical behavior of employees occurs in any field of activity and leads to negative consequences. In some cases, people do not realize that they are behaving unethically towards other people, but such acting is deliberate in most situations. However, the unethical behavior of the police is more...
Introduction Under the provisions of international law, freedom of religion is taken as a fundamental human right that should not be taken from any individual under any circumstances unless resulting in threatening human life. Recently, violence sprang in Libya, which spread across several Arab countries over what protestors called ‘American...
Introduction The following is a discussion on the international finance issues and their impact on foreign and domestic corporations in any given country. The international finance or trade in the global arena has a huge influence on the domestic arena. The international finance is influential in the world more than...
New public sector management is a concept that was developed in the 1980s and was aimed at transforming the old public sector management model into a more modern and effective one (Flynn 2012, p. 68).This concept has been operational in many industrialized countries where there has a dramatic shift in...
Introduction The United Nations was established in 1945 immediately after the end of the Second World War. At the time, the world saw a lot of mayhem caused by the use of new technologies in armed combats. For instance, the use of atomic bombs in the war resulted in much...
Introduction: Failing States as the Responsibility of the Global Community Despite the massive economic progress that has been witnessed in the global community over the past few decades because of the new opportunities created by technological innovations and breakthrough ideas, a range of countries remains at the brink of economic...
Introduction A large number of points are considered in the process of designing the organization’s structure. They include the division of labor in an organization along with the level of specialization that is to be implemented. It is also crucial to consider a person who is given authority in the...
Introduction It is often hard to prosecute crimes that involve international law as a result of the complex process that is involved. Many nations across the globe usually prosecute inchoate offences locally.However, there are certain circumstances where prosecuting inchoate offences locally is not possible and so, the international community is...
Introduction There have been concerns from citizens that internal mechanism of vetting and screening police conduct has not been effective, transparent, and fair in addressing increasing complaints of the citizens regarding police misconduct. To streamline the effectiveness, transparency, and fairness of addressing public complaints, citizen oversight agency is very essential...
Abstract This paper explores different arguments advanced in four published articles, which investigate the constitutionality of imposing death penalties for juveniles and mentally retarded patients. These articles differ in the reasons for rejecting death penalties for juveniles and mentally ill patients; however, they build on past cases, which have involved...
Introduction Arbitration as a concept is a term that largely identifies with legal systems and it varies across countries. These diversities reflect problems in the local environment and some cases stipulate different approaches to the entirely legal system.1 The legal system is comprised of civil law, common law, Islamic law,...
Introduction The United Nations Security Council is the largest body in the world that is mandated with the task of maintaining peace and security among its member states. It is also considered to be one of the most powerful arms of the UN whose mandate is to carry out debates...
Introduction All countries in the world are governed by a system known as the government. The government is made up of systems and people such as administrators and legislators among others whose main role is to ensure proper governance of the state. From time immemorial, state governments have played significant...
The International Criminal Court or ICC is an organization that is supposed to investigate the crimes against humanity, such as genocide Its authority extends to those cases that have not been tried by national courts due to some reasons. Currently, 121 countries recognize the ICC as an international institution that...
Introduction In January 2011, Coles and Woolworth started discounting the price of milk in an ongoing price war that led to the establishment of a state inquiry into the price of milk.1 Consequently, farmers found themselves at the mercy of these supermarket chains because they had to sell their milk...
The death penalty has been an imprescriptible regulation in American society for decades. This regulation was regarded as an important deterrent to severe crimes, and a means of protecting the community from dangerous individuals. However, the spread of humanistic ideas led to questioning the very right of the government to...
The following report is on ethics and law in the police service. The police ethics are imperative in the police service as they enhance and build the service, which is crucial to the development of public confidence. Such confidence promotes growth economically, socially and ensures political stability in any nation....
The quality of employees’ working usually depends on the peculiarities of their attitude to jobs and the feeling of job satisfaction. From this point, it is important to examine the most stressful jobs in relation to the question of job satisfaction, job hazards and risks. Focusing on the field of...
Hypothesis The case under analysis reveals the influence of political life on the actions of police officers of WPPA. The problem lies in prohibition imposed on police officers who are not entitled to run for the city council unless they are deprived of the responsibilities and authority to be police...
Problem Statement Introduction This research paper critically illustrates the perceptions and attitudes of the WTO membership connecting the socioeconomic responses in the Gulf Arab region and factors touching the motivation and exploration of the GCC policymakers within the existing practice of necessary reformations suggested by WTO that emerged and experienced...
Introduction The purpose of this report is to discuss the dispute settlement process of the World Trade Organization (WTO), dispute settlement before the Uruguay Round, the position of developing countries under WTO dispute settlement, the current settlement process, and specific cases that take a long time to resolve under WTO...
The significance of the month of December, 1620 is omnipresent in the American religious culture. This is because the pilgrims, who arrived in Massachusetts, found religious freedom for the very first time. Since the announcement of the first amendment to the U.S. constitution, there have been prohibitions to “the making...
Introduction The two locations of choice are South London and Watford. Forest Hill is at the heart of high-end urban dwellers and high-income earners. It is located closer to various key aspects of the United Kingdom’s political class. On the other hand, Watford is a profound borough that is strategically...
The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) was founded on 15th May 1862 by President Abraham Lincoln. He began it for the sole purpose of improving the economy of the United States of America. It is one is of the federal executive departments in the USA that transformed the lives of...
The problem of “stop snitching” campaign bothers police forces as people form their considerations about stopping informing police about the crimes committed in the community. Living in the country people are to worry about its problems and do all possible to help the community. However, “stop snitching” campaign is one...
Introduction Overview As a direct result of advances in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) through the internet, citizens have developed a whole new set of expectations regarding the methods and processes used in interacting with their respective governments. Following in the footsteps of the revolution in consumer purchasing that was...
Death penalty is the highest form of punishment and a debate whether to abolish it has created huge public attention (walker, 2009). According to numerous polls, many people are in support of principal punishment and a survey done by Harrison polls in the US shows that two-thirds (2/3) of Americans...
Introduction The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act was signed into law on March 23, 2010 by President Obama. It was essentially meant to allow all those living in the United States have insurance cover. For those who are not covered by the employer or government, and then they had...
Introduction A financial market is a market for funds; an organizational device that brings sellers and buyers together. The parties in a financial market are lenders and borrowers, who come together to meet their financial needs. The operations of the financial markets of any country govern its economic development in...
Currently, Dubai is experiencing a construction boom. Dubai has a population of 1.2 million people as per 2006 estimates and is projected to reach 4 million by 2017. The growth of Dubai has continued to infringe the virgin desert where there are no zoning codes, preservation battles, or community activism....
Many people associate capitalism with such a human feature as greed. Interestingly, some believe that socialistic societies have nothing to do with greed. Nonetheless, I tend to see greed as a purely human feature that cannot be applied to the entire economic system. Hill and Rae (2010) stress that greed...
In its strategic plan of 2008 to 2012, Vancouver Police Department (VPD) has set priorities that will ensure that Vancouver becomes the safest city in Canada. In short, the Vancouver Police Department made several promises to the residents of Vancouver. The department will reduce “property crime by 25 percent, reduce...
According to the social cognitive theory, the relationships we have with other people such as members of our families and friends assists us reduce the rates of crime. The social cognitive theory is a tenet that was discovered by Albert Bandura. It developed from the social learning theory and offers...
Introduction In the contemporary world, many organizations across the globe have adopted e-management strategies as a means of enhancing the effectiveness and efficiencies of their operations (Melvin, 2007). In the digital platform however, every action that an employee does in a workplace creates a transaction (Clayton, 2009). Therefore, by the...
Abstract The success of military operations depends on the degree of preparedness, availability of equipment, and the morale level of the soldiers participating in the combat. The main reason why the United States has always succeeded in its combats is the availability of resources. Nevertheless, in most battles, the country...
Introduction International trade involves the exchange of capital goods and services on a global scale that is across international borders (Acs, Morck, Shaver, & Yeung, 2007). The international trade has been present for quite a long time but its importance and impacts have been emphasized in the recent globalized world...
Abstract Public safety is a vital obligation undertaken by the relevant government agencies while strictly observing the law. One is required to ensure that no unnecessary interferences are made to the public communication system that might cause insecurity or harm to the citizens. It is the role of the bodies...
Introduction To address the issue of whether killing Osama bin Laden by military forces of the United States of America was lawful under international law, it is important to address his death by drawing focus from international law. In fact, the death of Bin Laden has raised several strange legal...
Introduction International Constitutional Law (ICL) refers to the discipline of constitutions and unites features of public international law, legal theory, and constitutional law. The separation between international law and inland law is critical in the Anglo-American legal opinion. International law lacks any centralized administration or hierarchical court structure sanctioned to...
Bohm, R. (2011). Death Quest: An Introduction to the Theory and Practice of Capital Punishment in the United States. Amsterdam: Elsevier. This book begins by providing a history of the death penalty, which can be traced to colonial days. The author describes all legal procedures involved in sentencing a criminal to...
Introduction Capital punishment is a legal procedure where a person found guilty of certain crimes receives a death sentence as a punishment for the crime committed. Death sentencing is the judicial decree that results in capital punishment. Whereby, execution is the process of ending the life of the sentenced person....
Introduction Recruitment to the police department is a process that leaves only the most competitive candidates in employment. It is a process that entails the assessment of the honesty and ethics of particular individuals. The competitive process requires persistence from the candidates as it involves a large amount of time...
Introduction The country of the United States is famous all over the world for its abundant and rather complicated principles of organization of policing and law enforcement establishments. The relationship between the United States government and the policing organizations throughout the United States and the impact of this relationship on...
Introduction Security is an indispensable human need that must be guaranteed by state agencies and individuals. All developed nations invested a lot of resources to promote peaceful existence among their citizens. In addition, they sacrificed their efforts to ensure there was security for human beings and their investments. Without security,...
Introduction Technology is playing a transformative role in contemporary law enforcement. Officers in law enforcement are using products of ongoing advances in technology in their operations. This has given them a performance edge as they can easily carry out investigations and enforce laws more effectively (Roberts, 2011). Law enforcers have...
Introduction Prime Minister Julia Gillard indicated that politics should not stop National Disability Insurance Scheme. The PM, Julia Gillard urged the Liberal premiers to “do the right thing” and find extra money for a national disability insurance scheme (Hudson & AAP, 2012). This statement indicates the level of influences on...
It is indisputable that the policing institutions in the United States of America have occasionally engaged in pervasive actions in the course of executing their duties. According to Ronald Parks, a researcher, reported incidences range from mild misunderstandings between police officers and the public to extreme cases of violence (Parks...
Introduction The issue of the death penalty is a highly emotive topic in the United States of America that has attracted criticism, as well as support in equal measure. In their arguments, proponents of the death penalty in America such as Rozenman (2007) bring out a convincing and precise justification...
Introduction In this report, the author focuses on strategies that can be implemented by police to reform the virtual departments. In the report, the author will apply several theories learnt in class to inform formulation of the strategies recommended. The author provides suggestions to similar agencies that are willing to...
Introduction The United States of America took the initiative of detaining one of the Japanese citizens on claims that he had abused his wife. The diplomat was accused of abusing his wife physically. The wife reported him to the local law enforcement agency, which took the initiative of opening charges...
Police unit is a criminal enforcement department, which is one of the most powerful constituents of the Criminal Justice System (Gest, 2000). As a unit of the law enforcement department, the police unit has a major responsibility of “regulating and controlling community affairs” (Schmallenger, 2005). The primary responsibility of the...
While Susan Brenner is a professor of law at the University of Dayton law school, Leo Clark is a law practitioner with the Washington Federal. The author’s main audience is the academic society, especially the students of cyber law. The increased rate of cybercrime calls for a rethinking of how...
Introduction The rapid developments in computer connections since early 1990s and the increasing roles of the internet in social, corporate, social and research have come alongside an increased risk of cybercrime. Over the years, information sharing and storage has become easier with the development of information superhighways. However, this has...
Introduction Police discretion is a very emotive topic in contemporary society. The topic has continued to elicit mixed reactions from various stakeholders, including members of the public, owing to the manner in which (and situations within which) it is exercised. According to Davis (1981), discretion is conceptualized as the ability...
Introduction A study done by the American Management Association concluded that managers spend approximately 24% of their time attending to disputes (Nouman, Khan & Khan, 2011). Therefore, it is natural for conflicts to arise at all levels of human interaction. Governments serve people with varying cultural backgrounds and interests. With...
Introduction Domestic violence is a pattern of behavior that occurs between people who are relating, and it is used to gain or maintain power and control over an intimate partner. Domestic violence is abuse that can either be physical, sexual, and emotional or any threat that is likely to affect...
Domestic violence in this era has escalated due to the increment in the legal ownership of weapons that has seen husbands drawing guns on their victims, normally wives and children. The due process clause in § 922(g) (9) allows gun owners to keep their weapons if they can prove that...
Dangers of policing In the recent past issues of increased criminal activities have surged. Such aspects as terrorism, cyber crime, etc pose hitherto un-witnessed challenges. This development places the police force under intense pressure. Specifically, these crimes call for utmost attention. As such, the police are expected to liaise with...
It is stated under the law of most, if not every, country in the world that the duty of the police is to ensure the safety of its citizens. It is within a citizen’s rights to be protected by the police but this is not always the case especially in...
Introduction The police department is one of the few departments that are faced with unpredictable events. With such an environment where one has no clue on what he or she stands up to on a daily routine, the situation is made even more dangerous. Police officers are more often prone...
Capital punishment by death is an old practice. The Greeks, Romans, Egyptians, and other groups, imposed the death penalty for certain crimes such as adultery and helping slaves to escape. Surprisingly, murder was not one of the crimes. Various methods were employed in executing death sentences. These included crucifying, drowning,...
Pan-Asianism represents a movement with aim of liberating Asia from foreign occupation. The main phase of cooperation was for a longer time represented by Japan and China, but currently involved also other Asian countries. The main idea of Pan-Asianism was based on cooperation, partnership and integral leadership. However, the Greater...
Introduction An arbitral award is referred to as an award given in circumstances where both the claimant and the defendant of a commercial dispute settle their dispute through an arbitration tribunal. The award can result in payment of a sum of money, or it can be non-monetary, where the whole...
The issue of socialism and populism in the Middle East is a controversial one. Socialism or radical regimen is a system where people in the authority impose transformation on the society rather than allowing the citizens to initiate and implement it. On the other hand, populism regimen is democratic in...
Introduction As Americans, we profess a great deal of confidence in our military. This is so mostly because the US military boasts superiority in their weaponry and personnel. The US military undeniably consists of the best trained, best equipped, and most experienced fighting force in the world’s history (Kemal, 1970)....
Canada is undergoing a national crisis on its aboriginal reserves. The crisis involves the shortage, overcrowding as well as ramshackle homes in the many reserves of Canada. Several factors have led to this condition being faced, and the government is trying to look into the issue. It has set up...
Introduction On the first day of August 2011, the House of Representatives passed a bill to raise the nation’s debt ceiling by $400 billion to $14.294 trillion (Levit, 2012, p.21). The bill was referred to as the Budget Control Act of 2011. Congress had engaged in extensive discussions and negotiations...
Introduction Community policing concept dates back in mid 1980s. It is defined as a policy with an objective of effectively and efficiently controlling or reducing crime or fear of crime by relying on community resources to improve the policing services. The definition exclusively introduces the aim of community policing. However,...
Introduction The change in the correctional officer workforce has taken an evolutionary approach. One century ago, the responsibilities or the overall composition of correctional officer duties were different. Correctional facilities and services have undergone immense transformations in the past few decades. It is imperative to mention that correctional facilities were...
Introduction In the United States, law enforcement agencies are charged with the responsibility of maintaining order, investigating suspected criminal activity, deterring any such activity, and enforcement of court orders. Law enforcement officers (also commonly referred to as peace officers) are also mandated by law to protect certain public officials as...
Similar to other organizations, the criminal justice system has to stay abreast with contemporary issues of organizational management. One of the issues that face the criminal justice system is the addition of management techniques that suit their aim of preventing crime, adjudication of criminal offenses, and retribution for offenders (Matison,...
Introduction Police is a unit of criminal enforcement department that is a major component of the Criminal Justice System (Daleidein, 2006). As a unit of the law enforcement department (government department), police are delegated with the responsibility of “regulating and controlling community affairs”. Mainly, the police are responsible for maintaining...
Introduction of jurisdiction concept Jurisdiction is one of the concepts that falls under judicial civil litigation system. Basically, jurisdiction is concerned with the court authority to hear a case relating to certain persons and activities (Engelen, 2008). From a broader perspective, it entails answering questions such as; which law to...
